Contextual
analysis
Benchmarks
- ability to recognize types of semantic context clues
- ability to use context clues to infer word meanings
Grade
level
- Grade 4 and above
Prerequisite
- Context Clues
Grouping
- whole class
- small group or pairs
- individual
Teaching
chart
- Types of Helpful Context Clues (Resources)
Materials
- copies of Types of Helpful
Context
clues chart
- transparencies
- blue, red, and green overhead transparency markers
Introducing
types of context clues
Instruction in specific types of context clues is an
effective approach for teaching students to use context to infer word meanings.
Baumann and his colleagues recommend teaching five types of context clues:
definition, synonym, antonym, example, and general. This sample lesson model
can be adapted and used to enhance contextual analysis instruction in any
commercial reading program.
Direct
explanation
Tell students that they can sometimes use context clues to
figure out the meaning of an unfamiliar word they come across in their reading.
Remind them that context clues are the words, phrases, and sentences
surrounding an unfamiliar word that can give hints or clues to its meaning.
Caution students that although these clues can prove to be helpful, they can
sometimes be misleading.
Teach/Model
Definition context clues
Give students copies of the Types of Helpful Context Clues chart. Briefly go over the chart, identifying the types of context clues and discussing the example for each one. Tell students that they should refer to the chart as they learn more about the five different types of context clues.
Explain to students that in a definition clue the author
provides the reader with the specific definition, or meaning, of a word right
in the sentence. Point out that words such as are, is, means, and refers to can
signal that a definition clue may follow. Then print the following sentences on
a transparency:
A conga is a barrel-shaped drum.
At night your can see
constellations, or groups of stars, in the sky.
Read aloud the first sentence.
Say: I'm going to look for a
context clue to help me understand the meaning of the word conga.
Underline conga in blue.
Underline conga in blue.
Say: In the sentence, I see the
word is. The word is can signal a definition context clue.
Underline is in red.
Underline is in red.
Say: The phrase a
barrel-shaped drum follows the word is.
Underline the context clue in green.
Underline the context clue in green.
Say: A conga is a barrel-shaped
drum. The author has given a definition context clue.
For more vocabulary lesson plans,
purchase CORE's Vocabulary
Handbook
For more information about
vocabulary, browse the articles, multimedia, and other resources in this
special section: Topics
A-Z: Vocabulary.
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